鄰苯二甲酸酯詳解
時間: 2018-05-30 16:16
瀏覽次數:
鄰苯簡介： 鄰苯二甲酸酯及其鹽，又稱酞酸酯，是塑膠工業中最為常見的塑化劑，鄰苯二甲酸酯主要用于乙烯基材料（如PVC）中，使硬塑膠變為有彈性的塑膠，起到增塑劑的作用。 它
鄰苯簡介：
鄰苯二甲酸酯及其鹽，又稱酞酸酯，是塑膠工業中最為常見的塑化劑，鄰苯二甲酸酯主要用于乙烯基材料（如PVC）中，使硬塑膠變為有彈性的塑膠，起到增塑劑的作用。
它被普遍應用于玩具、食品包裝材料、醫用血袋和膠管、乙烯地板和壁紙、清潔劑、潤滑油、個人護理用品（如指甲油、頭發噴霧劑、香皂和洗發液）等數百種產品中；
鄰苯二甲酸酯對人體的健康有嚴重的危害；含有鄰苯二甲酸酯的軟塑料玩具及兒童用品如果被小孩放進口中時間足夠長，就會導致鄰苯二甲酸酯的溶出量超過安全水平，會危害兒童的肝臟和腎臟，也可引起兒童性早熟。3
因此世界各國紛紛建立規范，以減少鄰苯二甲酸酯類對人體的危害。
塑膠中常添加的鄰苯二甲酸鹽（酯）類有下列16種：
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DMP |
Dimethyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二甲酯 |
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DEP |
Diethyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二乙酯 |
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DPrP |
Dipropyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二丙酯 |
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DIBP |
Diisobutyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二異丁酯 |
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DBP |
Dibutyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二正丁酯 |
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DPP |
Dipentyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二戊酯 |
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BBP |
Benzyl butyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸丁基芐酯 |
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DCHP |
Dicyclohexyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二環己酯 |
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DEHP |
Di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二（2-乙基）己基酯 |
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DIOP |
Diisooctyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二異辛酯 |
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DHP |
Diheptyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二庚酯 |
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DNOP |
Di-n-octyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二正辛酯 |
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DINP |
Diisononyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二異壬酯 |
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DNP |
Dinonyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二壬酯 |
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DIDP |
Diisodecyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二異癸酯 |
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DNHP |
Di-n-hexyl phthalate |
鄰苯二甲酸二已酯 |
國際法規：
1、歐盟 REACH 法規：
1.1 附錄 XVII 限用物質列表-第 51,52 條
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產品范圍 |
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要求 |
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兒童護理產品和兒童玩具 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP＜0.1% |
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可放入口中的兒童護理產品和兒童玩具 |
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DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
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2018 年 3 月 28 日，歐盟委員會向 WTO 遞交了法規草案 G/TBT/N/EU/564，擬修訂 REACH 附錄 XVII 限制物質列表第 51 條鄰苯二甲酸酯的管控要求。
具體擬修訂的內容如下：
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產品范圍 |
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修改前要求 |
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修改后的要求 |
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兒童護理產品和兒童玩具 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP＜0.1% |
DEHP+DBP+BBP+DIBP＜0.1% |
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可放入口中的兒童護理產品和兒童玩具 |
DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
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所有物品中的塑化材料（法規生效后18 |
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無要求 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP+DIBP＜0.1% |
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個月） |
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1.2 REACH-SVHC 候選物質清單 |
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REACH 183 項 SVHC 中有 15 項鄰苯。 |
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序號 |
中文名稱 |
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英文名稱 |
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縮寫 |
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CAS# |
EC# |
批次 |
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1 |
鄰苯二甲酸甲苯基丁酯 |
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Benzyl butyl phthalate |
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BBP |
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85-68-7 |
201-622-7 |
第 1 批 |
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2 |
鄰苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己 |
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Bis (2-ethyl(hexyl)phthalate) (DEHP) |
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DEHP |
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85-68-7 |
204-211-0 |
第 1，12 批 |
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基）酯 |
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3 |
鄰苯二甲酸二丁基酯 |
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Dibutyl phthalate |
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DBP |
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84-74-2 |
201-557-4 |
第 1 批 |
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4 |
鄰苯二甲酸二異丁酯 |
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Diisobutyl phthalate |
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DIBP |
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84-69-5 |
201-553-2 |
第 2 批 |
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5 |
鄰苯二甲酸二(C7-11 支 |
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1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, |
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DHNUP |
68515-42-4 |
271-084-6 |
第 5 批 |
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鏈與直鏈)烷基酯 |
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di-C7-11-branched and linear alkyl esters |
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6 |
鄰苯二甲酸二(C6-8 支 |
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1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, |
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DIHP |
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71888-89-6 |
276-158-1 |
第 5 批 |
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鏈)烷基酯，富 C7 鏈 |
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di-C6-8-branched alkyl esters, C7-rich |
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7 |
鄰苯二甲酸二甲氧乙酯 |
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Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate |
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DMEP |
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117-82-8 |
204-212-6 |
第 6 批 |
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8 |
鄰苯二甲酸二戊酯（支 |
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dipentylester, |
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84777-06-0 |
284-032-2 |
第 8 批 |
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鏈與直鏈） |
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branched and linear |
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9 |
鄰苯二甲酸二異戊酯 |
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Diisopentylphthalate |
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DIPP |
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605-50-5 |
210-088-4 |
第 8 批 |
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10 |
鄰苯二甲酸正戊基異戊 |
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N-pentyl-isopentylphtalate |
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776297-69- |
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第 8 批 |
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基酯 |
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9 |
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11 |
鄰苯二甲酸二正戊脂 |
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Dipentyl phthalate |
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DPP |
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131-18-0 |
205-017-9 |
第 9 批 |
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12 |
鄰苯二甲酸二已酯 |
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di-n-hexyl phthalate |
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DNHP |
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84-75-3 |
201-559-5 |
第 10 批 |
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13 |
鄰苯二甲酸二已酯（支 |
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dihexyl ester, |
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68515-50-4 |
271-093-5 |
第 11 批 |
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鏈與直鏈） |
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branched and linear |
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鄰苯二甲酸二烷基 |
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1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, |
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68515-51-5 |
271-094-0 |
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14 |
（C6-C10）酯； |
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di-C6-10-alkyl esters; |
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第 13 批 |
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鄰苯二甲酸（己基，辛 |
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1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mixed decyl |
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基，癸基混合）酯 |
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and hexyl and octyl diesters |
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68648-93-1 |
272-013-1 |
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15 |
鄰苯二甲酸二環己酯 |
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Dicyclohexyl phthalate |
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DCHP |
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84-61-7 |
201-545-9 |
2018-4-25 |
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2 |
、歐盟 |
RoHS |
指令（ |
2015/863/EU |
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物質 |
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限值 |
強制實施日期 |
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鄰苯二甲酸二(2-乙基已)酯(DEHP) |
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0.1% |
除醫療設備和監測和控制器械以外的電子 |
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鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯 （DBP） |
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0.1% |
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產品：2019-7-22 |
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鄰苯二甲酸丁芐酯（BBP） |
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0.1% |
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醫療設備和監測和控制器械：2021-7-22 |
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鄰苯二甲酸二異丁酯(DIBP) |
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0.1% |
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3、美國消費品法案 CPSIA
2017 年 10 月 27 日，美國消費者產品安全委員會(CPSC)發布最終規則(16 CFR Part 1307)，修訂了玩具
和兒童護理產品中的鄰苯二甲酸酯要求。新規則于 2018 年 4 月 25 日生效。
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序號 |
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鄰苯 |
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CAS 號 |
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要求 |
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范圍 |
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要求 |
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1 |
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DBP |
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84-74-2 |
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0.1% |
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2 |
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BBP |
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85-68-7 |
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0.1% |
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3 |
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DEHP |
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117-81-7 |
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0.1% |
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4 |
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DIBP |
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84-69-5 |
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0.1% |
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5 |
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DPENP |
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131-18-0 |
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所有的玩具和兒 |
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0.1% |
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童護理產品 |
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6 |
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DHEXP |
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84-75-3 |
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0.1% |
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（DnHP） |
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7 |
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DCHP |
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84-61-7 |
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0.1% |
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8 |
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DINP |
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25883-12-0&68515-4 |
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0.1% |
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8-0 |
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9 |
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DNOP |
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117-84-0 |
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無要求 |
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10 |
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DIDP |
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26761-40-0& |
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無要求 |
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68515-49-1 |
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4 |
、美國加州 |
65 |
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管轄的鄰苯 |
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要求 |
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產品范圍 |
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1、禁止企業向飲用水源排 |
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法規本身沒有針對具體的產 |
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放； |
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DEHP，DBP，BBP，DIDP，DnHP， |
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品；后續出現訴訟案例后， |
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2、明知或有意暴露于消費 |
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DINP |
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者的時提供“清晰且合理的 |
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會對具體產品做出限值規 |
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定。 |
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警告”。 |
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加州 65 部分案例： |
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案例號 |
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產品范圍 |
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限制的鄰苯 |
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限值 |
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BG07350969 |
玩具和兒童護理產 |
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DEHP，DBP，BBP， |
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單項＜0.1% |
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DIDP，DnHP |
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CIV 474817 |
頭戴式耳機線皮 |
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DBP,BBP, |
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單項＜100ppm |
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DEHP,DIDP,DnHP |
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CGC-11-514883 |
耳機，耳塞 |
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DBP,BBP, |
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單項＜1000ppm |
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DEHP,DIDP,DnHP |
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5 |
、加州 |
AB1108 |
法案 |
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產品范圍 |
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限制的鄰苯 |
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限值 |
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所有的兒童玩具和兒童護理產品 |
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DEHP，DBP，BBP |
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單項＜0.1% |
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供三歲以下兒童使用，可放入口中的兒 |
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DINP，DIDP，DNOP |
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單項＜0.1% |
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童護理產品 |
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6 |
、加拿大消費品法案 |
CCPSA |
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兒童玩具和兒童護理產品的軟 |
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DEHP/DBP/BBP |
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0.1%（單個） |
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質乙烯基材料 |
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鄰苯二甲酸酯條例 |
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可被四歲以下兒童放入口中的 |
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(SOR/2016-188) |
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兒童玩具和兒童護理用品中的 |
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DINP/DIDP/DNOP |
0.1%（單個） |
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軟質乙烯基材料 |
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7 |
、日本玩具標準 |
ST2016 |
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所有兒童玩具中的塑化材料 |
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DEHP/DBP/BBP |
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0.1%（單個） |
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意圖直接接觸嬰兒嘴部的玩具 |
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DINP/DIDP/DNOP |
0.1%（單個） |
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ST 2016 |
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部件 |
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意圖不直接接觸嬰兒嘴部的玩 |
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DINP |
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0.1% |
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具中的聚氯乙烯樹脂 |
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8、國際玩具標準 ISO8124-6
ISO8124-6 目前只是一個玩具材料中鄰苯 6P（DBP,BBP,DEHP,DINP,DNOP,DIDP）測試方法，暫時沒有限值。
9、中國玩具標準 GB6675.1
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產品范圍 |
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要求 |
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所有兒童玩具 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP＜0.1% |
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可放入口中的兒童玩具 |
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DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
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10 |
、中國玩具涂料標準 |
GB |
24613-2009 |
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產品范圍 |
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要求 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP＜0.1% |
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玩具涂料 |
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DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
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常見標準限制鄰苯匯總： |
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規管范圍/引文 |
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鄰苯二甲酸 |
美國聯邦 |
美國加利福尼亞 |
歐盟 |
加拿大 CCPSA |
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美國 CPSIA |
加州 65 法 |
加州 AB1108 |
REACH 法規 |
鄰苯二甲酸酯條 |
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酯 |
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法案 |
案 |
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法案 |
附件 17 |
例(SOR/2016-188) |
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BBP |
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DBP |
√ |
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√ |
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DEHP |
√ |
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√ |
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√ |
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DIDP |
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√ |
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DINP |
√ |
√ |
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√ |
√ |
√ |
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DNOP |
--- |
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--- |
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√ |
√ |
√ |
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DnHP |
√ |
√ |
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--- |
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DIBP |
√ |
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DPENP |
√ |
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DCHP |
√ |
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本文由第三方權威檢測機構--北測標準收集整理發布
